The hedgehog mushroom is a mycorrhizal tooth fungus with a pale orange to whitish cap and soft spines instead of gills. In its strict, DNA-based sense it is a European species. North American hedgehogs long called by this name mostly belong to related species.
A good edible, with a sweet, nutty taste and firm texture. Older specimens can be bitter, and those under conifers may taste strong. No poisonous look-alikes are known, and no Hydnum species is known to be toxic. The form amarum is bitter and not eaten.
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Habitat
Mycorrhizal with hardwoods or conifers, especially spruce and beech; scattered or in groups on the ground or in leaf litter, sometimes in rings. Summer and fall.
Distribution
Widely distributed in Europe. Its occurrence in North America is disputed: Wikipedia reports it from the Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountains and eastern oak woods, while MushroomExpert, following DNA studies, says it does not occur there. North American look-alikes include H. washingtonianum (conifers) and H. subolympicum (eastern hardwoods).
Characteristics
Cap: 6-17 cm; broadly convex becoming flat; margin inrolled at first, later wavy; dry; pale orange to nearly white, sometimes yellow or tan. Spines: 2-7 mm, soft, densely packed, creamy to very pale orange, often running slightly down the stem. Stem: 3-10 cm long, 1-2.5 cm thick, sometimes off-center, whitish. Flesh: white, firm; unchanging to weakly yellow-orange-staining. Spore print: pale cream to white. Spores: 6-8 x 5.5-7 µm, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, smooth.